We classify standby redundancy design space in processcontrol programs into the following three categories: cold standby, warm standby, and hot standby. Design parameters of warm standby are identified and the reliability of a system using warm standby is evaluated and compared with that of hot standby. Our analysis indicates that the warm standby scheme is particularly suitable for long-lived ...

Standby techniques are used to improve system availability. Usually, a k-out-of-n:G standby system is assumed that when an operating component fails, a standby component becomes active and the system is working if at least k components are fault-free. In general, there are three types in component standby, i.e., cold, hot and warm standby. Cold standby implies that inactive components have a ze...

In this paper, we compare the availability characteristics between three different series system configurations with mixed (cold and warm) standby components and k-stage Erlang repair times. Three configurations are studied under the assumption that the time-to-failure for each of the operative and warm standby components are assumed to be exponentially distributed with parameters λ andα , resp...

By using the Markov process, system state transitions can be modelled to predict the system availability in many realistic applications, wherein all components of the system cannot be treated as identical because of their failure and repair characteristics. In this paper, efforts have been made to examine the availability characteristics for three different configurations with warm standby, swi...

Disaster recovery planning and securing business processes against outtakes have been essential parts of running a company for decades. As IT systems became more important, and especially since more and more revenue is generated over the Internet, securing the IT systems that support the business processes against outages is essential. Using fully operational standby sites with periodically upd...

Most of the studies on reliability characteristics of redundant systems deal with cold standby systems only. Little attention is paid on 2-out-of-3 warm standby system involving three types of failures. In this study models for mean time to system failure and availability have been developed to study the effect of failure rate on some measures of system effectiveness. Using Chapman Kolmogorov’s...

Two different system configurations with warm standby components, standby switching failures, two types of failures "common cause failure and hardware failure" and general repair are compared based on the availability. The time-tofailure for each of the primary and warm standby components are assumed to follow the exponential distribution. Laplace transforms of state probability equations are d...

Component importance analysis is to measure the effect on system reliability of component reliabilities, and is used to the system design from the reliability point of view. On the other hand, to guarantee high reliability of real-time computing systems, redundancy has been widely applied, which plays an important role in enhancing system reliability. One of commonly used type of redundancy is ...

This paper deals with multi-component machine repair model having provision of warm standby units and repair facility consisting of two heterogeneous servers (primary and secondary) to provide repair to the failed units. The failure of operating and standby units may occur individually or due to some common cause. The primary server may fail partially following full failure whereas secondary se...